/* Reset and base */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

:root {
    --bg: #f8fafc;
    --surface: #ffffff;
    --surface-rgb: 255, 255, 255;
    --muted: #64748b;
    --text: #0f172a;
    --accent: #2563eb;
    --accent-rgb: 37, 99, 235;
    --border: #e2e8f0;
    --shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
    --shadow-hover: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    --max-width: 1400px;
    --card-surface: var(--surface);
    --card-border: rgba(226, 232, 240, 0.8);
    
    /* Badge theme (light) */
    --badge-accent-bg: rgba(205, 204, 231, 0.609);
    --badge-accent-border: rgba(79, 70, 229, 0.2);
    --badge-accent-text: var(--accent);
    --badge-grade-bg: rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.1);
    --badge-grade-border: rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.2);
    --badge-grade-text: #b45309;
}

:root.dark-mode {
    --bg: #0f172a; /* Slate 900 */
    --surface: #1e293b; /* Slate 800 */
    --surface-rgb: 30, 41, 59;
    --muted: #94a3b8;
    --text: #f8fafc;
    --accent: #4dabf7; /* Blue 450 - High Visibility */
    --accent-rgb: 77, 171, 247;
    --border: #334155;
    --shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3), 0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.18);
    --shadow-hover: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4), 0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
    --card-surface: rgba(30, 41, 59, 0.7);
    --card-border: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.1);
    
    /* Badge theme (dark) - Solid High Contrast */
    --badge-accent-bg: rgba(77, 171, 247, 0.25);
    --badge-accent-border: rgba(77, 171, 247, 0.5);
    --badge-accent-text: var(--accent);
}



body {
    font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
    color: var(--text);
    background: var(--bg);
    font-size: clamp(0.85rem, 0.5vw + 0.75rem, 1rem); 
    line-height: 1.6;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    min-width: 360px;
    overflow-x: hidden;
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease, color 0.3s ease;
}

/* Page Load Animations */
@keyframes cinematicIn {
    from {
        opacity: 0;
        transform: translateX(-20px);
        letter-spacing: -0.1em;
    }
    to {
        opacity: 1;
        transform: translateX(0);
        letter-spacing: -0.04em;
    }
}

/* Apply animations only to key content headings */
.content h2.animate {
    animation: cinematicIn 0.8s cubic-bezier(0.215, 0.61, 0.355, 1) both;
}


h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: 'Outfit', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

code {
    font-family: 'Fira Code', monospace;
    background: rgba(27,31,35,0.05);
    padding: 2px 4px;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

img {
    background: #ffffff;
}

.dark-mode img {
    background: #ffffff;
}

/* Header */
header {
    background: var(--surface);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    padding: 20px 0;
    text-align: left;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px var(--shadow);
}

header h1 {
    font-variant: small-caps;
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, 2.2rem);
    font-weight: 800;
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0px 40px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--text) 0%, var(--accent) 100%);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
}

#theme-toggle {
    position: fixed;
    left: 24px;
    bottom: calc(24px + env(safe-area-inset-bottom, 20px));
    /* Moved to right for better mobile reachability */
    right: 24px;
    left: auto;
    transform: none;
    background: rgba(var(--surface-rgb), 1);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    color: var(--text);
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    width: 46px;
    height: 46px;
    padding: 0;
    border-radius: 10px;
    transition: background 0.25s ease, color 0.25s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease, transform 0.25s ease, backdrop-filter 0.25s ease;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    z-index: 1000;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.15);
    backdrop-filter: blur(0px);
}

#theme-toggle i {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 46px; /* vertically center glyph */
    font-size: 1.25rem;
}

#theme-toggle:hover {
    background: rgba(var(--surface-rgb), 0.5);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.32);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
}

#theme-toggle:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}

header {
    position: relative;
}

/* Layout */
main {
    display: flex;
    max-width: var(--max-width);
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 30px 20px;
}

/* Sidebar */
aside {
    width: 300px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    position: sticky;
    top: 20px;
    align-self: flex-start;
}

aside img {
    width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
    object-fit: cover;
    border-radius: 50%;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 6px var(--shadow-hover);
}

.profile-card-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 16px;
    width: 100%;
}

/* sidebar name and contact list */
.side-name {
    font-size: 0.96rem;
    text-align: center;
    margin: 12px 0 20px;
    color: var(--accent);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.22em;
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 14px 0;
    border-top: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
}
.contact-list {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    /* gap: 6px; */
}
.contact-item {
    border-radius: 8px;
}
.contact-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
    padding: 4px 8px 4px 14px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    color: var(--text);
    text-decoration: none;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    transition:
        color 0.15s ease,
        background 0.12s ease;
}
.contact-row::before {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 4px;
    top: 6px;
    bottom: 6px;
    width: 2px;
    border-radius: 2px;
    background: var(--accent);
    opacity: 0;
    transform: scaleY(0.2);
    transform-origin: center;
    transition: opacity 0.22s ease, transform 0.28s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}
.contact-row:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid rgba(23, 58, 141, 0.35);
    outline-offset: 2px;
}
.contact-item--static .contact-row {
    cursor: default;
}
.contact-item--static .contact-row::before {
    display: none;
}
.contact-item--static .contact-row:focus-visible {
    outline: none;
}
.contact-item a.contact-row {
    display: flex;
    width: fit-content;
    color: inherit;
}
.contact-item a.contact-row:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
    transition: color 0.15s ease;
}
.contact-item a.contact-row:focus-visible {
    color: var(--accent);
}
.contact-item a.contact-row:hover::before,
.contact-item a.contact-row:focus-visible::before {
    opacity: 0.9;
    transform: scaleY(1);
}
.contact-item a.contact-row:hover .contact-text,
.contact-item a.contact-row:focus-visible .contact-text {
    color: var(--accent);
}
.icon {
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    border-radius: 6px;
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--muted);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    transition:
        border-color 0.12s ease,
        color 0.12s ease,
        background 0.12s ease,
        transform 0.2s cubic-bezier(0.34, 1.56, 0.64, 1);
}
.icon i {
    font-size: 13px;
    color: var(--muted);
    opacity: 0.95;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}
.contact-row:hover .icon,
.contact-row:focus-visible .icon {
    border-color: rgba(17, 24, 39, 0.12);
    color: var(--accent);
    animation: iconWiggle 0.5s ease-in-out both;
}

@keyframes iconWiggle {
    0% { transform: scale(1); }
    25% { transform: scale(1.2) rotate(-10deg); }
    50% { transform: scale(1.2) rotate(10deg); }
    75% { transform: scale(1.2) rotate(-5deg); }
    100% { transform: scale(1.2) rotate(0deg); }
}
.contact-row:hover .icon i,
.contact-row:focus-visible .icon i {
    color: var(--accent);
}
.contact-text {
    color: var(--text);
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    min-width: 0; /* allow text to shrink within flex container */
    overflow-wrap: anywhere; /* break long strings like emails */
    word-break: break-word;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

/* Content area */
.content {
    flex: 1;
    padding: 10px 30px;
}

/* Section titles */
.content h2 {
    font-size: 2.2rem;
    font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 4vw, 2.2rem);
    margin-top: 40px;
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0;
    color: var(--text);
    letter-spacing: -0.04em;
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 20px;
    border-left: 6px solid var(--accent);
    line-height: 1;
}

#about h2 {
    margin-top: 0;
}

.content h2::after {
    display: none;
}

/* About paragraph */
#about p {
    margin-bottom: 30px;
    /* max-width: 600px; */
    color: var(--muted);
}

.intro {
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    /* max-width: 600px; */
    color: var(--muted);
}

/* Project cards */
.project-card {
    display: flex;
    background: var(--card-surface);
    border-radius: 16px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 1px solid var(--card-border);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 2px 4px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
    margin-bottom: 32px;
    transition:
        transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1),
        box-shadow 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.project-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    box-shadow: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 10px 10px -5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04);
}

.project-media {
    width: 220px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    position: relative;
    overflow: hidden;
    aspect-ratio: 220 / 140;
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 12px 0 0 12px;
}

.project-media img,
.project-media video.cycle-video {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: opacity 1.5s ease;
    z-index: 1;
    will-change: opacity;
}

.project-media img.is-active,
.project-media video.cycle-video.is-active {
    opacity: 1;
}

.project-media video,
.project-media video.cycle-video,
.project-media img {
    background: #ffffff;
}

.project-media img.is-foreground,
.project-media video.cycle-video.is-foreground {
    z-index: 2;
}

.project-info {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 24px 28px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: flex-start; /* align first line to top */
    /* position: relative; Removed valid anchor for absolute date */
}

.project-header {
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 4px;
    gap: 15px;
    /* position: relative; Removed to allow date to anchor to project-info */
}

.project-info h3 {
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--text); /* Darker text for title */
    flex: 1;
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
    line-height: 1.3;
}

/* Subtitle directly under project title (distinct from description) */
.project-info .project-subtitle {
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    line-height: 1.45;
    color: var(--text);
    font-weight: 400;
    opacity: 0.9;
    margin: 2px 0 16px 0;
    display: block;
}

/* Authors specific styling - Clean text */
.project-info .project-subtitle.authors {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    opacity: 1;
    background: none;
    border: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin-top: 4px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    width: auto;
    max-width: none;
}

.project-info .project-subtitle strong {
    color: var(--text);
    font-weight: 700;
}

.project-info .project-subtitle.authors strong {
    color: var(--accent);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.project-date {
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--muted); /* Muted color to match footer style */
    font-weight: 500;
    opacity: 0.8;
    white-space: nowrap;
    margin-left: auto; /* Push to right if in flex container */
    
    /* Removed absolute positioning */
}

/* Footer container for Link + Date */
.project-footer {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    width: 100%;
    margin-top: auto; /* Push to bottom of flex column */
    padding-top: 12px;
}
.project-footer a {
    margin-top: 0; /* Reset margin since it's in flex container */
}

.project-info p {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    /* Desktop (default) view: clamp to 3 lines, show full text on expand */
    display: -webkit-box;
    line-clamp: 2;
    -webkit-line-clamp: 2; /* clamp to 2 lines desktop */
    -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
    overflow: hidden;
}
/* Ensure institution line can show icon cleanly */
.project-info p.institution {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 4px;
    -webkit-line-clamp: unset;
    line-clamp: unset;
    -webkit-box-orient: unset;
    overflow: visible;
}
/* Responsive institution name: show full by default, abbreviation only when truly constrained */
.institution-full { display: inline; }
.institution-short { display: none; }
@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .institution-full { display: none; }
    .institution-short { display: inline; }
}
/* Always show full institution name when card is expanded */
.project-card.is-expanded .institution-full { display: inline; }
.project-card.is-expanded .institution-short { display: none; }
/* Anchor last element (link, institution, or publication info) to bottom of card */
.project-info > a:last-child,
.project-info > p:last-child { margin-top: auto; }

/* Global affordance label (shown for all breakpoints on hover/focus when collapsed) */
.project-card.is-expandable:not(.is-expanded)::after {
    content: 'Tap to expand';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 6px;
    right: 10px;
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}
.project-card.is-expandable:not(.is-expanded):hover::after,
.project-card.is-expandable:not(.is-expanded):focus-visible::after { opacity: 0.75; }
.project-card.is-expandable:not(.is-expanded):active::after { opacity: 0.9; }

/* Collapse label for expanded cards */
.project-card.is-expanded::after {
    content: 'Tap to collapse';
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 6px;
    right: 10px;
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    color: var(--muted);
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}
.project-card.is-expanded:hover::after,
.project-card.is-expanded:focus-visible::after { opacity: 0.75; }
.project-card.is-expanded:active::after { opacity: 0.9; }

.project-info a {
    color: var(--accent);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-top: 8px;
    width: fit-content;
}

/* Diploma verification button */
/* Minimal inline diploma verification link */
/* Fancy inline diploma verification link (still lightweight) */
/* Icon-reveal diploma link: only shield visible until hover/focus */
.verify-diploma {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}
.institution a.verify-diploma {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    position: relative;
    margin-left: 6px;
    color: var(--accent);
    font-size: 0.85em;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    line-height: 1.2;
}
.institution a.verify-diploma .verify-icon {
    font-size: 0.78rem; /* visually ~14px */
    line-height: 1;
    flex: 0 0 auto;
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align: middle;
    transition: color 0.25s ease, transform 0.35s ease, opacity 0.25s ease;
    opacity: 0.9;
}
.institution a.verify-diploma:hover .verify-icon,
.institution a.verify-diploma:focus-visible .verify-icon { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
.institution a.verify-diploma .verify-text {
    overflow: hidden;
    white-space: nowrap;
    max-width: 0;
    opacity: 0;
    margin-left: 0;
    transition: max-width 0.35s ease, opacity 0.25s ease, margin-left 0.25s ease;
}
.institution a.verify-diploma:hover .verify-text,
.institution a.verify-diploma:focus-visible .verify-text {
    max-width: 140px; /* enough for phrase */
    opacity: 1;
    margin-left: 4px;
}
.institution a.verify-diploma:hover .verify-icon,
.institution a.verify-diploma:focus-visible .verify-icon { opacity: 1; }
.institution a.verify-diploma:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid rgba(23,58,141,0.45); outline-offset: 2px; border-radius: 4px; }
.dark-mode .institution a.verify-diploma:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid rgba(96,165,250,0.6); }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .institution a.verify-diploma .verify-text { transition: opacity 0.2s ease; max-width: none; opacity: 1; margin-left: 4px; }
    .institution a.verify-diploma i { transition: opacity 0.2s ease; transform: none; }
}

.project-info a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.nomargin {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

.fit-contain .cycle-img {
    width:100%;
    height:100%;
    object-fit:contain;
    display:block;
    padding:5%;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

/* Award badge modifier */
.project-card--award {
    overflow: visible; /* allow badge to protrude */
    position: relative;
}

.award-badge {
    position: absolute;
    top: -18px; /* lift higher so it no longer overlaps date */
    right: -28px; /* push further out to the right */
    background: var(--badge-accent-bg); /* subtle accent tint */
    color: var(--badge-accent-text);
    font-size: 0.50rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.4px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    padding: 6px 10px 6px 10px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    border: 1px solid var(--badge-accent-border);
    /* Enhanced glass shadow with inset highlight */
    box-shadow: 
        0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 
        inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
    transform: rotate(6deg);
    pointer-events: none;
    user-select: none;
    z-index: 50;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    max-width: 120px;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 1.05;
    /* Stronger blur for better glass effect */
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    opacity: 0.95; /* More visible */
    transition: opacity 0.25s ease;
}

/* Grade badge */
.project-card--grade { position: relative; overflow: visible; }
.grade-badge {
    position: absolute;
    top: 40px; /* below award badge */
    right: -20px;
    background: var(--badge-grade-bg); /* subtle amber tint */
    color: var(--badge-grade-text);
    font-size: 0.65rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 8px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    width: 54px;
    height: 54px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    box-shadow: 
        0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 
        inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3),
        inset 0 0 0 1px var(--badge-grade-border);
    transform: rotate(-6deg);
    pointer-events: none;
    user-select: none;
    z-index: 40;
    backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(6px);
    opacity: 0.95; /* More visible */
    transition: opacity 0.25s ease;
}

/* Dark mode specific overrides for Grade Badge */
:root.dark-mode .grade-badge {
    opacity: 0.95;
    background: #f7c26791; /* Solid Yellow 300 */
    color: #3f2800; /* Dark brown text */
}

.project-card--award:hover .award-badge,
.project-card--grade:hover .grade-badge {
    opacity: 1;
}

.project-card:hover .award-badge {
    animation: badgeWiggleAward 0.6s ease-in-out both;
}

.project-card:hover .grade-badge {
    animation: badgeWiggleGrade 0.6s ease-in-out both;
}

@keyframes badgeWiggleAward {
    0% { transform: rotate(6deg) scale(1); }
    25% { transform: rotate(-5deg) scale(1.1); }
    50% { transform: rotate(15deg) scale(1.1); }
    75% { transform: rotate(0deg) scale(1.1); }
    100% { transform: rotate(6deg) scale(1.1); }
}

@keyframes badgeWiggleGrade {
    0% { transform: rotate(-6deg) scale(1); }
    25% { transform: rotate(5deg) scale(1.1); }
    50% { transform: rotate(-15deg) scale(1.1); }
    75% { transform: rotate(0deg) scale(1.1); }
    100% { transform: rotate(-6deg) scale(1.1); }
}



/* Intermediate responsive layout: compact cards while keeping sidebar */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    /* Compact card layout (previously in <=800px) */
    .project-card {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: clamp(95px, 26vw, 130px) 1fr;
        grid-template-rows: 1fr; /* ensure single row takes full height */
        align-items: stretch; /* stretch children to fill height */
        text-align: left;
        margin-bottom: 16px;
        min-height: 120px;
        transition: grid-template-columns 0.45s cubic-bezier(.25,.8,.25,1), 
                    grid-template-rows 0.45s cubic-bezier(.25,.8,.25,1),
                    box-shadow 0.35s ease, 
                    background 0.35s ease, 
                    transform 0.25s ease;
        position: relative; /* ensure pseudo-element label is contained */
        border-radius: 12px; /* reinforce rounding for grid layout */
    }
    .project-media {
        width: 100%;
        aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
        position: relative;
        background: #ffffff;
        overflow: hidden;
        transition: aspect-ratio 0.45s ease, filter 0.45s ease, border-radius 0.45s ease;
        /* Clip media inside card rounding (left side in collapsed state) */
        border-radius: 12px 0 0 12px;
    }
    .project-media img,
    .project-media video.cycle-video { object-fit: cover; }
    .project-media.fit-contain .cycle-img { object-fit: contain; padding: 8%; }
    .project-info {
        padding: 10px 14px 12px 14px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;

        gap: 4px;
        /* Show all paragraphs; individual <p> elements handle their own clamping */
        overflow: visible;
        transition: padding 0.35s ease;
    }
    .project-header { margin-bottom: 4px; gap: 10px; }
    .project-info h3 {
        font-size: 0.98rem;
        line-height: 1.25;
        margin: 0;
        display: -webkit-box;
        line-clamp: 2;
        -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
        -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
        overflow: hidden;
    }
    .project-info .project-subtitle {
        font-size: 0.74rem;
        line-height: 1.2;
        margin: 2px 0 6px 0;
        margin-top: -8px;
        display: -webkit-box;
        -webkit-line-clamp: 2;
        line-clamp: 2;
        -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
        overflow: hidden;
    }
    .project-date { 
        font-size: 0.7rem; 
        opacity: 0.7;
    }
    .project-info p {
        font-size: 0.82rem;
        line-height: 1.3;
        display: -webkit-box;
        line-clamp: 2;
        -webkit-line-clamp: 2; /* clamp to 2 lines mobile */
        -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
        overflow: hidden;
        margin: 0;
    }
    .project-info a { margin-top: 4px; font-size: 0.78rem; }
    /* Bottom alignment for collapsed mobile cards */
    .project-info > a:last-child,
    .project-info > p:last-child { margin-top: auto; }
    .project-card--award .award-badge { top: -26px; right: -38px; }
    .project-card--grade .grade-badge { top: 26px; right: -26px; }

    /* Tap expansion state */
    .project-card.is-expanded {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        grid-auto-rows: auto;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 14px var(--shadow-hover);
        position: relative;
        background: var(--surface);
    }
    .project-card.is-expanded .project-media {
        grid-column: 1;
        grid-row: 1;
        aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
        filter: brightness(1.03) saturate(1.05);
        /* When expanded, media spans top, round top corners */
        border-radius: 12px 12px 0 0;
    }
    .project-card.is-expanded .project-info {
        grid-column: 1;
        grid-row: 2;
        padding: 14px 16px 18px 16px;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    .project-card.is-expanded .project-info h3,
    .project-card.is-expanded .project-info p {
        display: block;
        -webkit-line-clamp: unset;
        line-clamp: unset;
        -webkit-box-orient: unset;
        overflow: visible;
        animation: fadeIn 0.3s ease;
    }
    .project-card.is-expanded .project-info > a:last-child,
    .project-card.is-expanded .project-info > p:last-child {
        margin-top: auto;
    }
    .project-card.is-expanded .project-info p { margin-bottom: 10px; }
    .project-card.is-expanded .award-badge,
    .project-card.is-expanded .grade-badge { opacity: 0.92; }
    @keyframes fadeIn { from { opacity:0; transform:translateY(2px);} to {opacity:1; transform:translateY(0);} }
    @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
        .project-info { transition: none; }
        .project-card { transition: none; }
    }
}

/* Expanded state (desktop + mobile shared) overrides clamping */
.project-card.is-expanded .project-info p {
    display: block;
    -webkit-line-clamp: unset;
    line-clamp: unset;
    -webkit-box-orient: unset;
    overflow: visible;
}
/* Preserve layout/alignment for institution paragraph when expanded */
.project-card.is-expanded .project-info p.institution {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    overflow: visible; /* ensure icon reveal remains unaffected */
}
/* Narrow layout: responsive sidebar card */
@media (max-width: 850px) {
    main {
        flex-direction: column;
    }
    aside {
        width: 100%;
        position: static;
        top: auto;
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
        gap: 18px;
        padding: 24px 8px 28px; /* Ultra-tight padding (12px -> 8px) */
        margin-bottom: 32px;
        border-radius: 28px;
        border: 1px solid var(--border);
        background: var(--surface);
        box-shadow: 0 25px 60px rgba(17, 24, 39, 0.12);
    }
    .dark-mode aside {
        border-color: rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.25);
        background: rgba(var(--surface-rgb), 0.98);
        box-shadow: 0 25px 60px rgba(0, 6, 20, 0.65);
    }
    aside img {
        width: clamp(170px, 55vw, 220px);
        margin: 0;
        box-shadow: 0 12px 30px rgba(17, 24, 39, 0.22);
    }
    .profile-card-content {
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
        width: 100%;
    }
    .side-name {
        margin: 0;
    }
    nav.info {
        width: 100%;
        margin-top: 6px;
    }
    
    /* CLEAN GRID LAYOUT: 2 columns, minimal spacing */
    .contact-list {
        width: 100%;
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; /* 50% - 50% split */
        column-gap: 0px; /* Zero gap between columns to maximize internal space */
        row-gap: 6px;    /* Tighter row spacing */
        align-items: start;
    }
    .contact-item {
        width: 100%;
        display: flex;
        justify-content: flex-start; 
        overflow: hidden; /* Prevent spillover */
    }
       
    .contact-item:nth-child(odd) {
         justify-content: flex-end; 
         padding-right: 2px;
    }
    .contact-item:nth-child(even) {
         padding-left: 2px;
    }

    /* Tweaking the row style for compact fit */
    .contact-row {
        justify-content: flex-start;
        text-align: left;
        padding: 4px 0; 
        /* Remove mobile-specific backgrounds/borders to match desktop */
        border: none;
        background: transparent;
        box-shadow: none;
        gap: 5px; 
        width: fit-content; 
        max-width: 100%; 
    }
    .icon {
        width: 20px; /* Smaller icons (24px -> 20px) */
        height: 20px;
        line-height: 20px;
    }
    .icon i {
        font-size: 10px; /* Smaller icon glyph */
    }
    .contact-text {
        font-size: 0.85rem; /* Slightly smaller text (0.9 -> 0.85) to fit */
        white-space: nowrap; /* Force single line if possible */
    }
}

/* Medium-small screens (Tablet/Landscape): Restore breathing room */
@media (max-width: 850px) and (min-width: 560px) {
    aside {
        flex-direction: row;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: left;
        padding: 24px 24px; /* Slightly tighter padding (28px 32px -> 24px 24px) */
    }
    aside img {
        /* Reduce image size to give more room to text */
        flex: 0 0 clamp(140px, 25vw, 180px); 
    }
    .profile-card-content {
        align-items: flex-start;
        text-align: left;
        min-width: 0; /* Important: allow flex child to shrink properly */
    }
    .side-name {
        text-align: left;
    }
    
    /* Relax grid to auto-fit spaces, but keep tight enough for text */
    .contact-list {
        column-gap: 16px; /* Reduced breathing room (30px -> 16px) to prevent cutting */
        row-gap: 12px;
    }
    
    /* Reset alignment for cleanliness */
    .contact-item {
        justify-content: flex-start !important; 
    }
    .contact-item:nth-child(odd) {
         justify-content: flex-start !important;
         padding-right: 0;
    }
    .contact-item:nth-child(even) {
         padding-left: 0;
    }
    
    /* Restore normal icon/text sizes, but slightly smaller than desktop to be safe */
    .icon {
        width: 26px;
        height: 26px;
        line-height: 26px;
    }
    .icon i { font-size: 12px; }
    .contact-text { font-size: 0.88rem; }
    .contact-row { gap: 8px; }
}

/* Extra-small screens: Tweaks for very small devices */
@media (max-width: 559px) {
    aside {
        padding: 24px 14px 28px;
    }
    aside img {
        width: min(40vw, 150px);
    }
    .profile-card-content {
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
        gap: 18px;
    }
    /* Ensure grid holds up */
    .contact-list {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    }
    /* Force justify-center if we want them centered in their halves? 
       Let's try to center the grid content relative to the screen. */
    .contact-item {
         justify-content: center; /* Center items in their grid cells */
    }
    .contact-item:nth-child(odd) { justify-content: flex-start; padding-left: 10%; }
    .contact-item:nth-child(even) { justify-content: flex-start; padding-left: 5%; }
    .contact-row {
        justify-content: flex-start;
        text-align: left;
        padding: 6px 10px 6px 12px;
        border: none;
        background: transparent;
        box-shadow: none;
        gap: 6px;
    }
}

/* Stacked card layout for mobile (image top, content bottom) */
@media (max-width: 600px) {
    .project-card {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        grid-template-rows: auto auto;
        height: auto;
    }
    .project-media {
        width: 100%;
        aspect-ratio: 2.5 / 1;
        border-radius: 12px 12px 0 0;
    }
    .project-info {
        padding: 16px 20px;
        grid-column: 1;
        grid-row: 2;
    }
    /* Allow more lines of text on mobile stacked view since we have vertical space */
    .project-info p, 
    .project-info .project-subtitle {
        -webkit-line-clamp: 4;
        line-clamp: 4;
    }
    
    /* Date at the bottom right, aligned with the link */
    /* Mobile Footer adjustments */
    .project-footer {
        padding-top: 8px;
    }
    
    .project-header {
        display: block; 
        margin-bottom: 4px;
    }

    .project-date {
        font-size: 0.78rem;
    }

    .dark-mode .project-date {
        color: var(--muted);
    }
}

/* Toast Notification */
#toast {
    visibility: hidden;
    min-width: auto;
    /* Inverted colors for maximum contrast */
    background-color: var(--text);
    color: var(--bg);
    text-align: center;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    padding: 12px 28px;
    position: fixed;
    z-index: 2000;
    left: 50%;
    bottom: 30px;
    transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(20px);
    /* Soft shadow to lift it (since contrast is high, shadow can be subtle) */
    box-shadow: 
        0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1),
        0 4px 6px -2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
    border: none;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    opacity: 0;
    transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.16, 1, 0.3, 1);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 10px;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

#toast.show {
    visibility: visible;
    opacity: 1;
    bottom: 50px;
    transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0);
}

#toast i {
    color: var(--accent);
    font-size: 1rem;
}

/* View Transitions API */
::view-transition-old(root),
::view-transition-new(root) {
    animation: 0.5s ease-in-out both;
    mix-blend-mode: normal;
}

::view-transition-old(root) {
    animation-name: fadeOut;
    z-index: 1;
}

::view-transition-new(root) {
    animation-name: fadeIn;
    z-index: 2;
}

@keyframes fadeOut {
    from { opacity: 1; }
    to { opacity: 0; }
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
    from { opacity: 0; }
    to { opacity: 1; }
}